Temperature tiers

Parallel tier system to hardness, based on a tier list of furnaces from slow and low melting point metals to fast and high melting point metals.

• Tier I: Kiln (maps to irl temp: <1200K) — Stone Age: tin, zinc, lead, aluminium, bronze & other low melting point materials
• Tier II: Forge (<1400K) — Copper Age: copper, silver, gold, brass
• Tier III: Bloomery (<1812K) — Iron Age: iron, nickel, cobalt, beryllium
• Tier IV: Crucible (<1940K) — Steel Age: steel, palladium
• Tier V: Blast Furnace (<2300K) — Titanium Age: titanium, vanadium, chromium
• Tier VI: Refining Converter (<3000K) — Hot Age: molybdenum, niobium, boron
• Tier VII: Redstone Arc Furnace (<4000K) — Refractory Age: tungsten, tantalum, osmium & the carbides
• Tier VIII: Cubic Press — Diamond Age: synthetic diamonds (black diamond, lonsdaleite), netherite & other end-game materials

Rarity

Elements are now more closely mapped to their IRL rarity in Earth's crust. For example, diamonds are way harder to find. Copper is rarer than iron, but doesn't need a furnace tier as high due to its lower melting point.

• Note that the generation of some elements is based on the biome or stone type.
• Density also affects the depth of the ores.
• Very electronegative elements (like sulfur) will also be generated in the Nether.
• Elements that cannot be found on Earth but are common in other space objects (moons, meteors) will be generated in the end.

Damage

• Damage = Mohs + 1

The damage of the sword is mapped linearly to the Mohs scale of the material. A tool can also mine blocks up to 1 Mohs above its own material (wood (1) can mine stone (2)).

Density-based combat effects (more knockback dealt per hit, slower movement while crouching in heavy armor) are still being tuned.

The damage of the axe relative to the sword follows vanilla logic, same for other tools.

Enchantability

• Ench = ElecNeg * 10

Enchantability is mapped onto the Electronegativity of real-life elements (making diamond more enchantable than gold, though diamond is way harder to obtain and higher tier than vanilla).

Alloys use the highest Electronegativity among their components, for example: copper 19, tin 20 -> bronze 20.

Protection

• Prot = Bulk / 20 (with Bulk in GPa)

Protection is mapped to the Bulk Modulus.

This implies that some metals/alloys (such as Osmium) can have a slightly higher protection value than diamond. However, diamond still deals more damage due to its high Mohs scale value.

Note: Protection values are for the full armor set (capped at 30). If the resulting value is less than 4, the material will not be craftable into armor (example: magnesium, bone, etc.).

Knockback resistance

• KBres = density * 0.4 (with density in g/cm^3)

Knockback resistance is mapped to the density. The value is for the full armor set, capped at 10.

Armor Toughness

Armor Toughness is still being tuned; the current plan maps it to real-life fracture toughness (K_IC), so ductile metals absorb big hits that brittle ceramics can't.

Durability

• Dura = Mohs * Bulk * K_IC^(1/3) / 4 (with Bulk in GPa and K_IC the fracture toughness in MPa·√m)

The durability is mapped to the product of the Mohs scale and the Bulk modulus, modulated by fracture toughness so hard-but-brittle materials (ceramics, metalloids) don't outlast tough metals. Alloys get a 20% durability bonus.